Glossary

	Acanthus Leaf: Used in classic Greek and Roman decoration, this popular 18th century motif is favored by Chippendale. Carvings of this Asian-native plant appear on cabriole legs and moldings. test
	Accent Colors: Contrast colors used to spice up room schemes.
	Accent Furniture: Furniture used to add character to a room or to emphasize a theme. Example: A chess table to add decoration or a small round table used to hold a vase of flowers.
	Accent Lighting: Decorative lighting used to draw attention to chosen objects and create mood and highlights. i.e., track lighting, chandeliers, and sconces.
	Accessories: An item that can be added to something else in order to make it more useful, versatile or attractive.
	AD: Ashley Direct. Website devoted to Ashley Furniture Industries, Inc product information.
	ADA Guidelines: A set of requirements applied to the design and construction of all buildings to ensure individuals with disabilities have full access to the building and its facilities under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990.
	Adaptations: Newly made furniture pieces that capture the flavor of the original but are not authentic.
	A.F.F.: Abbreviation for Above Finished Floor. This is typically used on construction plans to note installation heights or objects.
	Ambient Lighting: Main overhead lighting in a space providing a diffused layer of uniform illumination.
	Appliqué: French for "applied." Ornaments such as carvings, turnings, lozenges, etc., which are tacked or glued to a surface rather than cut from the solid wood.
	Apron: The vertical wooden surface between the legs and just beneath the top of a table.
	Arabesque: A kind of scroll pattern in which leaves, flowers, fruit and geometric forms are intertwined.
	Armoire: French term for a wardrobe frequently used to describe a French-style wardrobe.
	Accent Boutique: A concept area that contains a space for Ashley home accents displayed on fixtures which include pillows, throws, TOB, pendant lighting and the art rack for grab and go retailing.

	Bachelor's chest: A small low chest of drawers which first appeared in the 18th century.
	Back splat: A section of flat, occasionally pierced wood in the center of the back of a chair.
	Back orders: Items on a purchase order with insufficient inventory to satisfy demand.
	Ball and Claw: A turned foot of spherical form with a carved bird’s claw clutching the ball. Inspired by ancient Chinese figures of a dragon claw holding a jewel.
	Balloon back: A chair with a circular back resembling a balloon; popularized in Victorian times.
	Banquette: A long bench-like seat, often upholstered and generally built into or along a wall.
	Bas Relief: A sculpture or carving whose design projects a little from the surface.
	Bead Molding: Decorative detail resembling a row of flattened beads.
	Bentwood chair: A chair popularized in Paris café culture made from wood bent using a steaming process.
	Bergère: An upholstered French armchair with outwardly rolling arms and sections of its wooden frame exposed.
	Bolster: A long, often cylindrical, cushion or pillow for a bed, sofa, etc.
	Bonnet Top: Also called a Hooded or Dome top. A full dome or curved, covered top section.
	Book-Match Veneer: Two sheets of veneer, glued side by side, which look like an opened book with a mirrored image. This creates a symmetrical pattern.
	Bow front: Outwardly bowing front of an item of wooden furniture.
	Bracket foot: A foot resembling an "L" on its side placed at the corners of cabinet furniture.
	Breakfront: An item of furniture divided vertically into three sections, with the center section projecting forward.
	Brocade: Used in fine, formal upholstery, it has raised surface patterns resembling embroidery.
	Broken pediment: A decorative feature placed at the top of an item of furniture, which resembles a camel's hump. The center section of the hump is removed (hence the term "broken") to make room for additional ornamental features.
	Bubble Diagram: Is a diagram the Merchandising department uses to show how a showroom floor will be laid out by both lifestyle settings and flow of product categories.
	Buffet: A buffet/sideboard without a hutch or storage cabinet on top. The French definition of the word is "a small sideboard; a place to keep dishes."
	Bun foot: A foot shaped as a slightly flattenedround ball typically used on chests of drawers or upholstered chairs.
	Bureau: A desk built on top of a chest of drawers. The desk is revealed when a flap or "fall" is lowered. Occasionally a bookcase sits on top of it.
	Burl veneer: A veneer specially cut from a log to produce a highly figured, wavy pattern.
	Butler's tray: A wooden tray with high sides and handles, which sits on top of a table or folding trestle. Occasionally made with folding sides which, when lowered, creates an oval shape.

	Cabriole Leg: A table or chair leg with a gentle "S" shape which curves outward at the top and then curves inward while tapering gradually. Named after an early French term for "goat" (literally "goat's leg") it is common on Queen Anne and Chippendale style furniture. Occasionally referred to as a Queen Anne leg.
	Camel back: Used to describe furniture with a curve like a camel's hump along its back.
	Canopy: Literally meaning a "roof", as created over either a four-post bed or protruding outwards like a hood from an item of cabinet furniture.
	Candelabra: A large, branched candlestick.
	Capital: The uppermost part of a column or pilaster, which crowns the shaft; often decorated.
	Cartouche: The French word for cartridge, this refers to a scroll-like ornament, often an oval shape which was frequently used as the central motif in a design, and sometimes in a corner of a coved cornice.
	Casegoods: Furniture industry term for chests, dressers, bookshelves, cabinets, etc.
	Category Areas: Are considered “destination” areas of the showroom and are easier to shop departmentally so we have segregated these into the following merchandising categories; Home Office, Family Spaces (motion, upholstery/leather and entertainment wall units, TV stands), Youth Bedroom, Casual Dining, Bedding.
	Chaise Lounge: An upholstered settee with an arm at one end and a back that tapers down to seating level.
	Chamfer: To bevel and edge.
	Chenille: Fabric with thick needle-punched design; often used on bedspreads and robes as well as casual upholstery.
	Chest on chest: A large chest of drawers on which sits a slightly smaller chest of drawers.
	Chesterfield: A leather settee with deep-buttoned upholstery and large rounded back and arms.
	Cheval Mirror: A long freestanding mirror that swivels through its center to enable full-length viewing.
	Chinoiserie: Painted or lacquered furniture using designs drawn from Chinese art.
	Chintz: Printed cotton fabric, frequently glazed, used in country or casual decoration.
	Chippendale: Name applied to Thomas Chippendale’s eighteenth-century furniture designs, including the camelback sofa and the wing chair.
	Classic: Refers to design based in the artistic standards, principles and methods of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
	Coffer: A storage chest having a hinged lid.
	Color Wheel: A way to showcase multiple color/finish selections in a group on the showroom floor by allowing sales of multiple groups from one vignette.
	Commode: Small, low chest of drawers.
	Complementary Colors: Colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel (i.e. blue and orange).
	Concept: A comprehensive idea or generalization that brings diverse elements into some basic relationship.
Learn more >>	Core Product: Contains a balanced assortment of pre-selected product from all Ashley divisions that is recommended for every HomeStore showroom in order to present the consumer with a consistent selection of product, best showcasing new styles as well as top sellers.
	Cornice: Decorative section of wood that runs along the top of cabinet furniture and leans out at an angle to provide a pleasing finished appearance to the piece.
	Coving: A curved molding connecting the ceiling and wall.
	Credenza: A buffet, sideboard, or bookcase, especially one without legs. A piece of office furniture having a long flat top.
	Cutwork: Embroidered fabric with decorative cut-out designs that are outlined in a buttonhole stitch.
	Cyma Curve: A simple double-curved molding with a reversed curve as its profile. Derived from Greek meaning, "wave".

	Damask: Formal fabric with textural contrast between satiny and dull.
	Daybed: Similar to a bed but narrower and with a padded seat back at one end for leaning against.
	Dentil Molding: A decorative feature composed of rectangular blocks ("teeth") spaced at equal intervals, typically along the length of a cornice. Favored in 18th century design.
	Dovetail Joint: An English dovetail joint is formed by one or more tapered projections on one piece that interlock with corresponding notches or recesses in another. The French dovetail is also a very strong locking joint, but it is machined a little differently from the English dovetail. It is machined so that the drawer side slides upward into a long groove in the drawer front. (Example is a series constructed with English dovetail joinery.)
	Dresser/Dressing table: An item of bedroom furniture consisting of a low table with drawers, usually with a kneehole and frequently having a mirror attached to the top.
	Drop leaf table: A table with hinged leaves which can be lowered to save space when not in use.

	Embroidery: The art of working raised and ornamental designs in threads of silk, cotton, gold, silver, or other material, upon any woven fabric with a needle.
	Entry Experience: Rejuvenating the look of the entrance seasonally showcases advertising events and constantly changing product line.
	Etagere: A free standing open cabinet having several shelves used for display purposes.

	Fall Front: The hinged front of a bureau that lowers to reveal the desk inside.
	Fan pattern: Width and evenness of paint coming out of spray gun.
	Fauteuil: A French upholstered chair having open sides.
	Faux: Literally French for "fake", this term is used to describe things that appear to be of one material or finish, but in fact are not. An example is faux bois; imitation look of wood grain sometimes exemplified in fabrics and wallpapers.
	Fiddle back: A back splat shaped like a violin, common in Windsor chairs.
	Finial: A small carved or turned ornament used to provide a decorative finish to a tall vertical piece such as a long case clock, bed post or lampshade fitting.
	Fluting: Shallow vertical grooves, usually parallel, used to ornament a surface. Often used on columns or pilasters in classical architecture.
	Four post bed: A bed having a post at each corner supporting a canopy.
	French Provincial: A term describing countrified versions of formal French furnishings of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; often referred to as “provencal” today. (Example is a modern adaptation)
	Fringe: A decorative border of thread, cord, or the like, usually hanging loosely from a raveled edge or separate strip.

	Gate leg table: A drop-leaf table whose leaves are supported by extra legs that swing outwards like gates.
	Gesso: (Pronounced jesso) A decorative feature created out of plaster commonly used on picture and mirror frames. Frequently finished by gilding or painting.
	Gilding: A technique for applying gold to furniture and other surfaces.
	GMROI: Gross margin return on investment. A calculation that clarifies how much gross margin is made on a piece of furniture compared to how much inventory is needed in stock.
	Grommet: A plastic, metal, or rubber ring that is inserted into a hole made through another material. They may be used to reinforce the hole, to shield something from the sharp edges of the hole, or both.
	Gusset: Frequently used to fuse any number of load-bearing columns with beams or trusses together. The members can be bolted, riveted or welded to the gusset. Their function is critical to the integrity of the structure they are supporting.

	Hardware: A generic term used to describe any metal fitting that goes onto furniture i.e., handles, locks, hinges, escutcheons, etc.
	Harmony: The feeling created when tools are used together to provide a look that is pulled together.
	Heat Transfer Printing: The technique of printing a fabric by transferring a printed design from paper onto fabric via heat and pressure.
	Houndstooth: A duotone textile pattern characterized by broken checks or abstract four-pointed shapes, often in black and white, although other colors are used.
	Hue: The common name of a color. It indicates the color’s position in the spectrum or in the color circle. It is determined by the specific wavelength of the color in the ray of light.
	Hutch: A two-part case piece that usually has a two-door cabinet below and open shelves above, originally dating from seventeenth-century England.

	ILD (Indentation Load Deflection): Method for testing and measuring the firmness of latex foam. The test and measurement is done to a 4” x15” x 15” piece of foam placed on a flat surface. Then a round metal plate, 8” in diameter pushes down on that piece of foam. The amount of pressure, measured in pounds, that it takes to compress the foam 25% (to 3”) is referred to as the ILD. The greater the number the firmer the foam. Ashley-Sleep® uses various latex foams ranging between 14 and 28 ILD.
	Illumination: Impacts the perception of space, form, line, texture and color by creating shadows and color. The intensity of hue will be affected by illumination. Strong dark colors absorb light while light tints reflect light.
	Inlay: Veneers of contrasting colors cut into decorative shapes and set into the surface of wood furniture for ornamentation.
	Iridescent: Brilliant, lustrous, or colorful in effect or appearance. In fabrics it is a changeable effect due to the color arrangement in the warp and filling yarns to provide contrast and interest.

	Jacquard: A formal, highly decorative fabric that includes damasks, tapestries, brocades, and all cloths with elaborate figures woven on a jacquard loom.
	Japanning: A technique for decorating furniture which involves coating it with a hard, often black, lacquer and then applying oriental designs.

	Knee hole: A space beneath a desk or dressing table designed to accommodate a person's legs to enable them to sit comfortably when using the top as a work surface.
	Knock down furniture: Also called KD, flat-pack or self assembly furniture. Refers to furniture that is to be assembled by the end user.

	Lacquer: A durable varnish applied in several layers to protect furniture’s surface. Finishes can vary from matt to glossy.
	Ladder back chair: A style of country chair with horizontal slats in the back that resemble a ladder.
	Laminate or “Lam”: Applied covering to boards, which provide different appearances such as colors and grains (see also paper, vinyl).
	Lifestyle Areas: Reflect the lifestyle trends of today and style characteristics of the furniture listed on Ashley Direct. Lifestyle areas showcased on the showroom floor include the following: Contemporary Living, Metro Modern, Cottage Collections, Old World, Traditional Classics and Vintage Casual.
	Line: Works with form to emphasis or outline a space or materials used in a space. Horizontal lines can be used for a more relaxed look and to emphasis the length of a wall or item. Vertical lines added formality and height to an area.
	Lissere: A delicate, multi-colored jacquard woven floral stripe.
	Long case clock: Also referred to as a grandfather clock. A clock housed in a tall wooden case containing weights and a pendulum.
	Love Seat: A two-seated sofa.

	Mantel: The complete facing around the opening of a fireplace, including any shelf used above it as well as any part that projects from the wall.
	Marquetry: Heavy use of inlays over a large surface to create a panoramic picture.
	Mattress ticking: The fabric that covers a mattress.
	Medallion: A round or oval ornamental motif.
	Merchandise List: The ML is a worksheet used by the Merchandising department that contains all the Ashley furniture and home accents product. The worksheet is organized by furniture category and will be used to select product when opening a new store.
	Miter: A surface slanted to another surface, it is called a miter when the angle is 45 degrees.
	Modular: Furniture constructed in units that can be arranged in different configurations.
	Modular Carpet: Carpet tiles that are pieced together to cover a surface. These tiles can be easily removed and replaced individually.
	Moire: Fabric, usually silk, with a rippled, wavy pattern that gives a watered appearance or wood grain. It has a very traditional appearance.
	Molding: Decorative strips of wood applied to furniture for visual effect. Also known as moulding.
	Monochromatic Scheme: A color scheme limited to one color in various tones. The value and intensity of the hue are used to provide contrast. This color is often simple and sophisticated.
	Mortise-through: The mortise and tenon joint has been used by woodworkers to join pieces of wood, mainly when the adjoining pieces connect at an angle of 90°. A mortise-through is a cavity in timber that passes entirely through a piece.
	Motif: A decorative design or subject.
	Motion furniture: Chairs, beds or sofas containing mechanisms that allow the user to recline or extend their legs.
	Mount: Ornamental metalwork applied to furniture – usually cabinet pieces, sometimes chairs.

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	Nail Head Detail: Something resembling the head of a nail that is used as an ornamental device.
	Neoclassic: A revival of the classic style and form.
	NPI: New Product Introductions following the successful introduction from furniture markets. These items have the commitments from market to be included in the Ashley product line.

	Occasional furniture: A generic term used to describe small pieces of furniture such as lamp tables, coffee tables or magazine racks.
	Ogee-shaped Profile: An ogee is a curve (often used in molding), shaped somewhat like an S, consisting of two arcs that curve in opposite senses so that the ends form a tangent plane.
	Open-To-Buy: Open-To-Buy (OTB) is typically calculated in dollars. OTB is the difference between how much inventory is needed and how much is actually available. This includes inventory at hand and currently on order from a vendor.
	Ottoman: A long, low upholstered seat with no back: used with a chair as a footrest. If over scaled, can be used in place of a cocktail table.

	Palette: A term used by artists and designers to describe a range of colors.
	Panel: A surface set off from the surrounding surface by being raised, recessed or framed.
	Parquetry: Furniture inlaid with geometrical designs similar to parquet floors.
	Parson’s Table: A square or rectangular table with wide, straight legs.
	Patina: The coloration and texture, which wood and leather acquire with age and use.
	Pattern: A repetitive component to a surface that can be used to modify scale, color or texture. They can be used to unit or clash with other items. Be very careful when working with multiple patterns.
	Pedestal table: A table supported by one or more cylindrical columns or "pedestals".
	Pediment: A decorative crest found at the top of tall pieces of furniture to achieve a pleasing finish.
	Pegging: Furniture construction using a system of mortise-and-tenon joints often held together with pegs (dowels) or wedges. This system of furniture production was used primarily until the early 18th century. Good examples of pegged furniture done today would include Art & Crafts or Mission style. Faux-pegging, meaning the visible pegs do not contribute into the piece's construction, is used in modern-made furniture to simulate these antique styles.
	Pembroke table: A small rectangular drop leaf table.
	Perspective: A means of showing a solid object on a surface so as to make it appear to have a third dimension. To make it convincing to the eye, sizes of distant objects are reduced; parallel lines tend to converge.
	Picture Framing: Refers to a decorative molding, resembling a picture frame, that surrounds an area of furniture. Typically found in flat areas such as doors, drawers and paneling surfaces of furniture.
	Piecrust Table: A table, usually with a round top, that has an edge that is raised, scalloped or fluted; frequently a tilt-top table.
	Pier mirror: A tall mirror designed to be hung above a pier table.
	Piercing: Decorative detail achieved by cutting shapes through thin wood such as chair splats.
	Pilaster: A flattened column-like detail applied to furniture, bookcases, etc. as a decorative feature.
	Pillow Shams: Covers for pillows to match bed coverings, when pillows are propped on top of the bed.
	Plank Detail: Such pieces of lumber considered as a group. An article of furniture consisting of a flat, slablike top supported on one or more legs or other supports.
	Plenum Space: An enclosed space in buildings, typically between the roof deck and suspended grid ceiling, used for heating, ventilating, and/or air-conditioning airflow.
	Polyester: Parts made from pressed wood and sprayed with polyester material.
	POP: abbreviation for Point of Purchase. Associated with tags and showroom signage.
	POS: abbreviation for Point of Sales.
	Pouf: A low upholstered stool of solid construction.
	Primary Colors: Red, blue and yellow, from which all other colors are derived.
	Product Association: A process in which lamps, rugs, TOB and/or accessories are coordinated with Ashley product. This process is supported by the tagging system and national advertising.
	Profile: The style of an edge.
	Proportion: An agreeable or harmonious relation of parts within a whole; balance or symmetry.
	Proprietary List: Product that is exclusively available to HomeStores and to non-HomeStore dealers that are not located in a HomeStore trade area.
	Protective Measures: Providing furniture damage protection in the form of protective pads applied to home accent that come into contact with the surfaces of furniture.

	Queen Anne leg: See “Cabriole leg”.
	Quirke: A narrow groove channel separating molding from adjoining members.

	Race Track: The race track will be a slight variation of the showroom carpet to assist in directing consumer traffic through the store. It also provides distinct showroom areas for furniture placement.
	Rail: A generic term used to describe a long section of wood serving a functional purpose in furniture. Examples are the top rail in the back of a chair and the rails, which connect the headboard and footboard of a bed.
	Reeding: Close, parallel rows of convex moldings. The opposite of fluting.
	Relief: A carved decoration, which stands proud of the surface on which it appears.
	Reproduction: New furniture which is a copy of an antique.
	Restoration: Work carried out to furniture to bring it back to its original condition.
	Retro: A setting, furniture pieces or decorative element that revives a style or look of the past.
	Rhythm: The alteration of strong and weak elements to create movement. We want the eye to travel around an area.
	Roll top desk: Desks with a tambour cover which rolls back to reveal the writing surface.
	Rosette: A painted or sculptured architectural ornament, often resembling a rose, with parts arranged like rows of leaves in a circle around a bud.
	Runner: A rail used to support additional leaves on an extending dining table.
	Rush seat chair: A country chair having a seat woven of rush.

	Saber Leg: Term describes a sharply curving leg in the classical style; also commonly called a scroll-shaped leg. Saber legs are generally reeded.
	Scale: A term referring to the size of objects in relation to each other.
	Secondary Colors: Colors produced by mixing two primary colors, such as yellow and blue to form green; red and yellow to form orange; and red and blue to form purple.
	Secretaire: A sideboard with false drawers that drop forward to reveal a desk and work surface.
	Self-assembly furniture: See “Knock down furniture”
	Serial numbers: Numbers that identify product (i.e., identifies vendor and manufacturer).
	Serpentine front: An item of furniture that has a curved front that is first concave, then convex before becoming concave again.
	Server: A long narrow table with drawers for items such as silver and linens.
	Settee: A seat for two or more persons, having a back and usually arms, and often upholstered.
	Settle: A rustic wooden bench having a high back and solid arms. The seat is often hinged to reveal storage space beneath.
	Shade: The darker values of a color obtained by mixing the color with black.
	Shaker Design: Furniture made by the Shaker religious sect, noted for its functional simplicity, austere beauty and find workmanship.
	Shield back chair: A chair in the Hepplewhite style having a back in the shape of a shield.
	Short rail: Displaying a bed’s headboard and footboard using 6 inch rails.
	Sideboard: A buffet or a credenza. A long, waist high piece of furniture used for serving food. The most common arrangement is cupboards below and drawers above.
	Side Chair: A chair with a small seat (15 to 18 inches wide) and no arms.
	Silver Tipping: A thin layer of silver material or paint deposited on a base surface to highlight or bring attention to a particular carving or area.
	Sisal: A strong natural fiber originally used for rope; now often used to make rugs; sometimes blended with wool in carpet.
	Slat: Any thin, flat section of wood. Examples are bed slats which are used to support a mattress and horizontal back slats in a ladder back chair.
	Sleigh bed: A popular French Empire-style bed having a high scrolled headboard and footboard, creating the impression of a sleigh or a boat (also called "lit bateau" or "boat bed").
	Soft Walls: Decorative freestanding screens made of bamboo, wood or metal materials. Can be used as a divider between furniture placements or provide vertical display interest. For more details, contact Jeffan International.
	Space: Interior space is the shaped volume defined by various architectural forms such as ceiling, floors, walls and other architectural elements. A Designer will evaluate and use tools to define structure and alter it.
	Spindle back: A chair having vertically arranged spindles in the back.
	Spindle: Long cylindrical piece of wood created by turning on a lathe.
	Splat: A flat, vertical piece of wood found in the center of a chair back.
	Stretcher: A horizontal arrangement of rails used to connect the legs on tables and chairs to provide structural strength.
	Strike Zone: A shelving fixture that contains a combination of Ashley and third party home accents to provide visual interest and retailing of home accents. Learn more at Merchandising \| Home Accents - Strike Zones >>
	Stylized: A design that has been done according to the rules of a style rather than according to nature.
	Symmetry: Formal balance created by arranging objects so they form mirror images on either side of an imaginary line that goes through the middle of a grouping of objects.

	Taffeta: A medium-weight or light-weight fabric of acetate, nylon, rayon, or silk, usually smooth, crisp, and lustrous, plain-woven, and with a fine crosswise rib effect.
	Tambour door: A flexible door that can be concealed by rolling it into a piece of furniture.
	Tapestry: Thick woven fabric with pictorial design.
	Task lighting: Lighting needed to perform a specific task. i.e., desk lamp.
	Tassel: A pendent ornament consisting commonly of a bunch of threads, small cords, or other strands hanging from a round knob or head, used on clothing, in jewelry, on curtains, etc.
	Tester bed: A bed having two posts at the headboard supporting a half canopy above.
	Texture: The characteristic of a material that can be felt or seen. You can achieve the perception of texture by lighting and the surface materials of the items. Smooth, shiny surfaces make objects clean and brighter in color. Those surfaces also emphasis the outline of the object. Rough surfaces tend to absorb sound and light and tend to give off a warm feeling.
	Third Party Home Accents: All non-Ashley home accents. Third party home accents include items that are not in direct competition with what Ashley manufactures and retails. Categories include wall décor (framed artwork, mirrors, etc.), florals, greenery, trees and tabletop (candleholders, vases, trunks, etc).
	Ticking: A striped cotton or linen fabric, originally used for mattress covers but now used decoratively, as well.
	Tilt top table: A small, often round table with a hinged top, which can be raised when not in use.
	Tint: The lighter values of a color obtained by mixing the color with white.
	TOB: abbreviation for Top of Bed. Ashley Top of Bed sets contain a comforter, pillow shams, and a bed skirt.
	Tone: The darkness or lightness of a color; different colors may be of the same tone.
	Torchere: The French word for candelabra. These are often large, sometimes standing on the floor. A floor lamp that directs the light upward.
	Trestle table: A rustic rectangular table with a top supported by two wide boards or "trestles" at either end. The two trestles are joined by a single stretcher.
	Tufting: To draw together (a cushion or the like) by passing a thread through at regular intervals; the depressions thus produced being usually ornamented with tufts or buttons.
	Turning: An ornamental or structural part of furniture made by rotating a cylindrical piece of wood on a lathe and shaping with cutting tools.
	Twill: Tightly woven with a diagonal ridge such as denim or herringbone fabrics.

	Unity: The combination of elements to support a concept. It is achieved through the repetition of elements such as color, pattern or shape. Unity is a narrower definition of harmony.
	Upholstery: Generic term used to describe any item of sitting furniture that is covered in fabric.
	Uprights: Term used to describe any vertical structural component i.e., "The uprights in the back of that chair".

	Velvet: Formal elegant fabric with fur-like feel and a cut pile.
	Veneer: A thin layer of wood cut from a log in such a way as to maximize the beauty of the grain pattern. Veneers are then glued onto a solid substrate, which is then made into furniture. The result is sturdy furniture with a decorative outer appearance.
	Vinyl: Another type of laminate that is thicker and more durable than paper laminate (see also “laminate”).
	Vitrine: French term for a display cabinet with glass doors.

	Wainscoting: Wood paneling applied to walls from baseboards to the desired height, usually about one-third of the way up a wall.
	Wall washers: Angled down lights which bathe the wall surface in light.
	Wet wall: The wall where plumbing fixtures are located.
	Wheatear: A decorative motif resembling an ear of wheat.
	Windsor Chair: A popular 18th century wooden chair having a solid seat and a back formed from a bent wood hoop and vertical spindles.
	Wing chair: An upholstered armchair with a high back from which lateral head rests, or "wings", protrude on either side.

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